QISHLOQ XO’JALIK QOLDIQ MAXSULOTLARIDAN BIODIZEL OLISH USULLARI
Keywords:
Kalit so'zlar: O'simlik moyi, eterifikatsiya, transeterifikatsiya, kimyoviy qayta ishlash, efirlar, bioyoqilg'i, biodizel.Abstract
Annotatsiya: Biodizel yoqilg'isini olishda biochiqindilardan foydalanganda zararli chiqindilar miqdorini kamaytirish usullaridan biri hisoblan, chiqindilarni bioyoqilg'iga almashtirishdan iborat. Biodizel yoqilg'isini olishda uch xil usuldan foydalanib amalga oshiriladi: o'simlik moylarini transeterifikatsiya qilish; o'simlik yog'idan ajratilgan yog' kislotalarini eterifikatsiya qilish; biodizel yoqilg'isini gidrotozalash uchun katalizatorlar yordamida o'simlik moylarini gidrolizlab moyga aylantirish. Biodizel yoqilg'isini olish uchun iste'molga yaroqsiz yog'lar, bir atomli va ikki atomli spirtlar ishlatiladi. O'simliklardan olinadigan yog'ini transeterifikatsiya qilishning optimal parametrlari: xom-ashyo nisbati (moy, spirt); aralashtirish tezligi; harorat; vaqt; jarayonni amalga oshirish uchun katalizatorining turi tanlanadi. Olingan biodizel yoqilg'isi namunalarining xarakteristikalari o'rganildi va bir-biri bilan bilan taqqoslandi. Biodizel yoqilg'isining fizik-kimyoviy xususiyatlaridan kelib chiqib, uni olishning optimal usuli o'simlik moylarini transeterifikatsiya qilishdir. Shu bilan birga, yoqilg'ining barcha turlari aralash ekologik toza dizel yoqilg'isining komponentlari sifatida ishlatilishi mumkin.
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